Mieloma multiplo a sede orale primitivo o secondario? Presentazione di un caso e revisione della letteratura

Multiple myeloma is a malignant tumor characterized by the proliferation of plasma cells derived from a single done. Although the tumor chiefly involves the skeletal hemopoietic bone marrow, the mandible or maxilla are secondary sites in 70% to 95% of cases and the primary site in about 12% of all malignant plasma cell tumors. A 66-year-old woman presented with a mass of the mandible (gingiva/alveolus),reddened gums and hypermobility of the adjacent teeth. Orthopantomographic examination showed a lytic radiotranslucent area of the right mandible; histology revealed a plasma cells neoplasia characterized by positive gamma plasma cells. Blood chemistry tests detected elevated serum monoclonal protein (M component) and urine tests showed Bence Jones protein. The article reports a case of primary-site multiple myeloma in the mandible and describes the clinical course, the approach to treatment and the implications of this tumor in the oral cavity.