SPUTUM AND EXHALED BREATH ANALYSIS

Recently noninvasive techniques such as induced sputum and exhaled breath analysis have been successfully established to leveal an inflammatory status and to find oxidative stress indicators in the airways involved in the pathogenesis of lung diseases. These techniques allow longitudinal sampling of various lung biomarkers of inflammation in the same individual, providing a possibility to monitor the lung damage process and evaluate treatment strategies in patients with respiratory diseases, including children.