Clinical utility of antithrombotic prophylaxis in ART procedures: an Italian experience

Background: The usefulness of antithrombotic prophylaxis in management of Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) is questionable. Objectives: We prospectively examined the contribution of an antithrombotic prophylaxis in influencing clinical pregnancy and live-birth in an unselected cohort of women approaching ART. Patients/Methods: 1107 women with fertility problems and a valid indication for ART were recruited. Baseline and follow-up information of obstetric outcomes and antithrombotic treatment were collected. Results and Conclusions: Median follow-up time was 34.5 months (range: 2-143). During the follow-up period, 595 (53.8%) women underwent ART (total 1234 cycles); 202 (33.9%) women achieved a pregnancy for a total of 255 clinical pregnancies. The concomitant use of LMWH and aspirin was significantly associated with a higher rate of clinical pregnancies (p: 0.003, OR: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.7-14.2). The pregnancy rate was also significantly increased by the use of LMWH alone (p: 0.005, OR: 2.6, 95% CI: 1.3-5.0). Carriership of inherited or acquired thrombophilia did not affect clinical outcomes of the ART. The efficacy of antithrombotic treatment was confirmed when the outcome "live-birth" was considered. Present data suggest a potential benefit of antithrombotic prophylaxis during ART in improving the number of live-births.