Kinematics and Kinetics of Bulgarian-Bag-Overloaded Sprints in Young Athletes

Background: Eective sprinting requires large acceleration capabilities. To accelerate,
large amount of force must be produced and applied eectively. The use of dierent implements
such as sleds and vests can increase the amount of force produced and alter sprinting eectiveness.
We propose the use of increasing overload via the Bulgarian Bag (BB) as a means to modify athletes’
sprint and acutely increase force and power production. Methods: 24 young athletes performed three
sprints over 20 m in three dierent conditions: unloaded (BW) and loaded with BB weighing 2.5%
(BB2.5) and 5% (BB5) of the athlete’s body mass. Sprint times at 2.5, 5, 10, 15, and 20 m were acquired
and used to compute the force–velocity relationship for the sprints. Maximal velocity (V0), peak force
(F0), peak power (PP), and decrease in ratio of force (DRF) were computed. Results: the additional load
caused a decrease in sprint times (p < 0.05) and V0 (p = 0.028), conversely no dierences were found
for F0 (p = 0.21), PP (p = 0.50), and DRF (p = 0.83). Conclusions: Based on those findings, BB can be an
alternative method to eectively overload sprint training toward improving sprinting performance.